I-Silane (SiH4)

Amapharamitha Obuchwepheshe

I-Silane iyinhlanganisela ye-silicon ne-hydrogen. Yigama elijwayelekile lochungechunge lwezakhi, okuhlanganisa i-monosilane (SiH4), i-disilane (Si2H6) kanye nezinye izakhi ze-silicon-hydrogen ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Phakathi kwazo, i-monosilane iyona evame kakhulu, ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa ngokuthi i-silane ngamafuphi. I-Silane iyigesi engenambala enephunga elibi likagalikhi. Incibilika emanzini, cishe ayincibiliki ku-ethanol, i-ether, i-benzene, i-chloroform, i-silicon chloroform kanye ne-silicon tetrachloride. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-silane zisebenza kakhulu kune-alkanes futhi zi-oxidized kalula. Ukushisa okuzenzekelayo kungenzeka uma kuthintana nomoya. Ayisabelani ne-nitrogen engaphansi kwama-25°C, futhi ayisabelani namakhemikhali e-hydrocarbon ekushiseni kwegumbi. Umlilo nokuqhuma kwe-silane kuwumphumela wokusabela ne-oxygen. I-Silane izwela kakhulu ku-oxygen nasemoyeni. I-Silane enokugxila okuthile izosabela futhi ngamandla ne-oxygen ekushiseni okungu--180°C. I-Silane isibe yigesi ekhethekile ebaluleke kakhulu esetshenziswa ezinqubweni ze-semiconductor microelectronics, futhi isetshenziswa ekulungiseleleni amafilimu ahlukahlukene e-microelectronic, okuhlanganisa amafilimu e-single crystal, i-microcrystalline, i-polycrystalline, i-silicon oxide, i-silicon nitride, kanye ne-metal silicides. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-microelectronic kwe-silane kusathuthuka ngokujulile: i-epitaxy yokushisa okuphansi, i-epitaxy ekhethiwe, kanye ne-heteroepitaxial epitaxy. Hhayi kuphela kumadivayisi e-silicon kanye namasekethe ahlanganisiwe e-silicon, kodwa futhi nakumadivayisi e-compound semiconductor (gallium arsenide, i-silicon carbide, njll.). Iphinde ibe nezicelo ekulungiseleleni izinto ze-superlattice quantum well. Kungashiwo ukuthi i-silane isetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke imigqa yokukhiqiza yesekethe ehlanganisiwe ethuthukisiwe ezikhathini zanamuhla. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-silane njengefilimu ne-coating equkethe i-silicon kuye kwanda kusuka embonini ye-microelectronics yendabuko kuya emikhakheni ehlukahlukene njengensimbi, imishini, amakhemikhali kanye ne-optics. Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwe-silane okungaba khona ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye zenjini ye-ceramic esebenza kahle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwe-silane ukukhiqiza i-silicide (Si3N4, SiC, njll.) ubuchwepheshe be-micropowder budonsele ukunaka okwengeziwe.

Isicelo:

①E-elekthronikhi:

I-Silane isetshenziswa ezingqimbeni ze-silicon ze-polycrystalline kuma-wafer e-silicon lapho kukhiqizwa ama-semiconductor, kanye nama-sealant.

②Ilanga:

I-Silane isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwemodyuli ye-photovoltaic yelanga.

③Ezezimboni:

Isetshenziswa kwiGlasi Eluhlaza Eyonga Amandla futhi isetshenziswa enqubweni yefilimu encane yokufaka umhwamuko.

Iphakheji evamile:

Inzuzo:

①Iminyaka engaphezu kweyishumi emakethe;

②Umkhiqizi wesitifiketi se-ISO;

③Ukulethwa okusheshayo;

④Umthombo wezinto zokusetshenziswa eziqinile;

⑤Uhlelo lokuhlaziya oluku-inthanethi lokulawula ikhwalithi kuzo zonke izinyathelo;

⑥Isidingo esiphezulu kanye nenqubo ecophelelayo yokuphatha isilinda ngaphambi kokugcwalisa;

⑦Ubumsulwa: izinga eliphezulu le-elekthronikhi lokuhlanzeka;

⑧Ukusetshenziswa: izinto zamaseli elanga; ukwenza i-polysilicon emsulwa kakhulu, i-silicon oxide kanye ne-optical fiber; ukukhiqizwa kwengilazi enemibala.