Imboni yegesi ekhethekile yomhlaba wonke idlule ezivivinyweni nasezinkingeni eziningi ezinyangeni zamuva nje. Imboni iyaqhubeka nokuba ngaphansi kwengcindezi ekhulayo, ngenxa yokukhathazeka okuqhubekayo mayelanai-heliumukukhiqizwa kwenkinga engaba khona yama-chip kagesi ebangelwe ukushoda kwegesi okungavamile ngemuva kwempi yaseRussia ne-Ukraine.
Ku-webinar yakamuva ye-Gas World, ethi “Specialty Gas Spotlight,” ochwepheshe bemboni abavela ezinkampanini ezihamba phambili i-Electrofluoro Carbon (EFC) kanye ne-Weldcoa baphendula imibuzo mayelana nezinselele ezibhekene namagesi akhethekile namuhla.

I-Ukraine ingumhlinzeki omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni wamagesi amahle, okuhlanganisai-neon, i-kryptonfuthii-xenonEmhlabeni jikelele, izwe lihlinzeka cishe ama-70% empahla yomhlabai-neonigesi kanye nama-40% omhlabai-kryptonigesi. I-Ukraine iphinde ihlinzeke ngamaphesenti angama-90 e-high-purity semiconductor-gradei-neonigesi esetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwama-chip asetshenziswa imboni yase-US, ngokusho kwe-Center for Strategic and International Studies.

Phakathi kokusetshenziswa kabanzi kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwama-chip kagesi, ukushoda okuqhubekayo kwamagesi amahle kungathinta kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kobuchwepheshe obufakwe kuma-semiconductor, okuhlanganisa izimoto, amakhompyutha, izinhlelo zempi kanye nemishini yezokwelapha.

UMatt Adams, iphini likamongameli omkhulu womhlinzeki wegesi i-Electronic Fluorocarbons, wembule ukuthi imboni yegesi engavamile, ikakhulukazi i-xenon kanyei-krypton, ingaphansi kwengcindezi "enkulu". "Ezingeni lezinto ezibonakalayo, inani elitholakalayo linomthelela omkhulu embonini," kuchaza u-Adams.

Isidingo siyaqhubeka singanciphi njengoba ukunikezwa kuqhubeka nokuncishiswa. Njengoba umkhakha wesathelayithi ubamba isabelo esikhulu kunazo zonke emakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-xenon, ukwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali ku-satellite kanye nokuqhutshwa kwesathelayithi kanye nobuchwepheshe obuhlobene nakho kuyaqhubeka nokuphazamisa imboni eguquguqukayo njengamanje.

"Uma ukhipha isathelayithi ebiza izigidigidi zamaRandi, awukwazi ukuyeka ukuntuleka kwe-"i-xenon, ngakho-ke lokho kusho ukuthi kufanele ube nayo,” kusho u-Adams. Lokhu kubeke ingcindezi eyengeziwe yamanani ezintweni zokwakha futhi sibona ukwenyuka kwentengo yemakethe, ngakho amakhasimende ethu abhekene nezinselele. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalezi zinselele, i-EFC iyaqhubeka nokutshala imali ekuhlanzweni, ekuhluzweni nasekukhiqizweni okwengeziwe kwamagesi amahle esikhungweni sayo saseHatfield, ePennsylvania.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kumagesi amahle, kuphakama umbuzo: kanjani? Ukuntuleka kwamagesi amahle kusho ukuthi kunezinselelo zokukhiqiza eziningi. Ubunzima bochungechunge lwayo lokuhlinzeka busho ukuthi izinguquko ezinethonya zingathatha iminyaka, kusho u-Adams: “Ngisho noma uzibophezele ngokugcwele ekutshaleni imali, kungathatha iminyaka kusukela lapho unquma ukutshala imali kuze kube yilapho empeleni ikuthola khona umkhiqizo. “Kuleyo minyaka lapho izinkampani zitshala imali, kuvamile ukubona ukuguquguquka kwentengo okungavimbela abatshalizimali abangaba khona, futhi kusukela kulowo mbono, u-Adams ukholelwa ukuthi ngenkathi imboni itshala imali, idinga okwengeziwe ngenxa yokwanda kokuchayeka kumagesi angavamile.” Isidingo sizokhula kuphela.

Ukubuyisa Nokusebenzisa Kabusha

Ngokuthola nokuvuselela igesi, izinkampani zingonga izindleko nesikhathi sokukhiqiza. Ukuvuselela nokuvuselela kuvame ukuba “izihloko ezishisayo” lapho izindleko zegesi ziphezulu, kuncike kakhulu emananini amanje. Njengoba imakethe izinza futhi amanani ebuyela emazingeni omlando, umfutho wokululama waqala ukuncipha.

Lokho kungashintsha ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokusweleka kanye nezici zemvelo.

“Amakhasimende aseqala ukugxila kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni kabusha nasekusetshenzisweni kabusha,” kwembula u-Adams. “Bafuna ukwazi ukuthi banokuphepha okuhlinzekwayo. Ubhubhane lube yisivulo ngempela kubasebenzisi bokugcina, futhi manje babheka ukuthi singenza kanjani ukutshalwa kwezimali okusimeme ukuqinisekisa ukuthi sinazo izinto esizidingayo.” I-EFC yenze konke okusemandleni ayo, yavakashela izinkampani ezimbili zesathelayithi, futhi yathola igesi kuma-thruster ngqo endaweni yokuqalisa. Iningi lama-thruster lisebenzisa igesi ye-xenon, engangeni ngamakhemikhali, engenambala, engenaphunga futhi engenambitheki. U-Adams uthe ucabanga ukuthi lo mkhuba uzoqhubeka, wengeza ngokuthi abashayeli abasebenzisa ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha bagxile ekutholeni izinto nokuba nezinhlelo eziqinile zokuqhubeka kwebhizinisi, ezimbili zezizathu eziyinhloko zokutshalwa kwezimali.

Izimakethe Ezisafufusa

Ngokungafani nezicelo ezintsha ezimakethe ezintsha, imakethe yegesi ibilokhu ivame ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo emidala kwizicelo ezintsha. “Isibonelo, sibona izikhungo ze-R&D ezisebenzisa i-carbon dioxide ekukhiqizeni kanye ne-R&D zisebenza, into obungayicabangi eminyakeni edlule,” kusho u-Adams.

"Ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu sekuqala ukuba nesidingo sangempela emakethe njengethuluzi. Ngicabanga ukuthi ukukhula okuningi eMelika kuzovela ezimakethe ezihlukile ezimakethe esizisebenzelayo njengamanje." Lokhu kukhula kungase kubonakale kubuchwepheshe obufana nama-chips, lapho Kulawa ma-tech, ubuchwepheshe buyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi bube buncane. Uma isidingo sezinto ezintsha sikhula, imboni cishe izobona izinto ezithengiswa ensimini ngokwesiko ziba zifunwa kakhulu.

Ephinda umbono ka-Adams wokuthi izimakethe ezisafufusa cishe zizogcinwa kakhulu ezindaweni ezikhona embonini, uchwepheshe wensimu ye-Weldcoa kanye nochwepheshe wokusekela amakhasimende uKevin Klotz uthe inkampani ibone ushintsho olukhulu emikhiqizweni yezindiza eqhubeka nokuba yimfihlo.

“Konke kusukela ekuxubeni kwegesi kuya kunoma yini engingayicabangi ukuthi iseduze namagesi akhethekile; kodwa ama-superfluid asebenzisa i-carbon dioxide njengokudluliselwa kwamandla ezindaweni zenuzi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zokucubungula izindiza eziphezulu.” Imboni yemikhiqizo iyahlukahluka ngezinguquko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha, njengokukhiqizwa kwamandla, ukugcinwa kwamandla, njll. “Ngakho-ke, lapho umhlaba wethu usukhona kakade, kunezinto eziningi ezintsha nezijabulisayo ezenzekayo,” kusho uKlotz.