Amagesi e-Ultra-high purity (UHP) ayigazi lemboni ye-semiconductor. Njengoba isidingo esingakaze sibonwe kanye nokuphazamiseka kwamaketanga okunikezwa kwempahla emhlabeni wonke kwenyusa intengo yegesi enomfutho ophakeme kakhulu, ukwakheka okusha kwe-semiconductor nezindlela zokukhiqiza kukhulisa izinga lokulawula ukunukubezeka elidingekayo. Kubakhiqizi be-semiconductor, ukukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuhlanzeka kwegesi ye-UHP kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.

I-Ultra High Purity (UHP) Amagesi Abaluleke Kakhulu Ekwenziweni Kwesimanje Semiconductor

Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko zegesi ye-UHP ukufakwa kwegesi: Igesi ye-UHP isetshenziselwa ukunikeza umoya ovikelayo ezingxenyeni ze-semiconductor, ngaleyo ndlela ivikeleke emiphumeleni eyingozi yomswakama, umoya-mpilo kanye nokunye ukungcola emkhathini. Kodwa-ke, ukufakwa kwe-inertization kungenye yemisebenzi eminingi ehlukene eyenziwa amagesi embonini ye-semiconductor. Kusukela kumagesi e-plasma ayinhloko kuya kumagesi asebenzayo asetshenziswa ekushoniseni nasekuhlanganiseni, amagesi anomfutho ophakeme kakhulu asetshenziselwa izinjongo eziningi ezahlukene futhi abalulekile kulo lonke uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwe-semiconductor.

Amanye amagesi "awumgogodla" embonini ye-semiconductor ahlanganisainitrogen(isetshenziswa njengendawo yokuhlanza ejwayelekile kanye negesi engasebenzi),i-argon(isetshenziswa njengegesi eyinhloko ye-plasma ekuxhumeni nasekufakeni ukusabela),i-helium(isetshenziswa njengegesi engasebenzi enezinto ezikhethekile zokudlulisa ukushisa) kanyei-hydrogen(idlala izindima eziningi ekuhlanzweni kwe-annealing, deposition, epitaxy kanye ne-plasma).

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe be-semiconductor buye bashintsha futhi bashintsha, kanjalo namagesi asetshenziswe ohlelweni lokukhiqiza. Namuhla, izitshalo zokukhiqiza i-semiconductor zisebenzisa izinhlobonhlobo zamagesi, kusukela kumagesi ahloniphekile afana nalokhuikriptonifuthineonezinhlotsheni ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-nitrogen trifluoride (NF 3) ne-tungsten hexafluoride (WF 6).

Isidingo esikhulayo sokuhlanzeka

Selokhu kwasungulwa i-microchip yokuqala yezentengiselwano, umhlaba ubone ukwanda okumangazayo okucishe kucace ekusebenzeni kwamadivayisi we-semiconductor. Kule minyaka emihlanu edlule, enye yezindlela eziqinisekile zokufeza lolu hlobo lokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kube “ngokukalwa kosayizi”: ukwehlisa ubukhulu bezakhiwo ezikhona zama-chip ukuze kumpintshe ama-transistors amaningi endaweni ethile. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezakhiwo ezintsha ze-chip kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kukhiqize ukugxuma ekusebenzeni kwedivayisi.

Namuhla, izilinganiso ezibucayi zama-semiconductors asezingeni eliphezulu manje zincane kangangokuthi ukukala usayizi akuseyona indlela esebenzayo yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwedivayisi. Esikhundleni salokho, abacwaningi be-semiconductor bafuna izixazululo ngendlela yezinto ezintsha kanye ne-3D chip architectures.

Amashumi eminyaka okwakhiwa kabusha okungakhathali asho ukuthi amadivaysi anamuhla asebenzisa isemiconductor anamandla kakhulu kunama-microchip akudala - kodwa futhi antekenteke kakhulu. Ukufika kobuchwepheshe bokwenza ama-wafer angama-300mm kukhuphule izinga lokulawula ukungcola okudingekayo ekukhiqizeni ama-semiconductor. Ngisho nokungcoliswa okuncane ohlelweni lokukhiqiza (ikakhulukazi okungajwayelekile noma amagesi angasebenzi) kungaholela ekuhlulekeni kwemishini eyinhlekelele - ngakho ukuhlanzeka kwegesi manje kubaluleke kakhulu kunangaphambili.

Embonini evamile yokukhiqiza i-semiconductor, igesi ephezulu-high-purity isivele iyizindleko ezinkulu zempahla ngemva kwe-silicon ngokwayo. Lezi zindleko kulindeleke ukuthi zikhuphuke kuphela njengoba isidingo sama-semiconductors sikhuphuka siya phezulu. Imicimbi yase-Europe idale ukuphazamiseka okwengeziwe emakethe yegesi yemvelo enomfutho ophakeme kakhulu. I-Ukraine ingenye yamazwe angaphandle emhlabeni jikelele wokuhlanzeka okuphezuluneonizimpawu; Ukuhlasela kweRussia kusho ukuthi ukuhanjiswa kwegesi engavamile kuyavinjelwa. Lokhu kwaholela ekushodeni kanye namanani aphezulu amanye amagesi ahloniphekile afanaikriptonifuthixenon.