Namuhla sicabanga ngoketshezialulimoninjengento ebandayo kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Manje yisikhathi sokuphinda wamukele kabusha?

Ukusho okuzayo kwe-helium

AlulimoniIngabe into yesibili ejwayelekile endaweni yonke, ngakho-ke kungaba khona kanjani ukushoda? Ungasho into efanayo nge-hydrogen, okuvame kakhulu. Kungenzeka kube khona abaningi ngenhla, kepha ababaningi ngezansi. Nakhu esikudingayo.Alulimoniakuyona imakethe enkulu noma. Isidingo sonyaka wonke silinganiselwa ukuthi sibalelwa ezinyangeni eziyisithupha eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-6 (BCF) noma amamitha ayi-170 ayizigidi eziyi-170. Kunzima ukunquma intengo yamanje, ngoba intengo ivame ukuxoxisana ngenkontileka phakathi komthengi nomthengisi, kepha uCliff Chain, umphathi we-CORES Consulting Company, unikeze isibalo samadola ayi-1800 / MCF). I-Edgar Group Studies emakethe futhi yeluleka izinkampani eziningi ezisebenza emakethe. Imakethe yomhlaba wonke ephelele yoketshezialulimoniInqwaba ingaba cishe ama- $ 3 billion.

Noma kunjalo, ukufunwa kusakhula, ikakhulukazi kusuka kwezokwelapha, isayensi kanye nezobuchwepheshe kanye nemikhakha ye-aerospace, futhi "kuzoqhubeka nokukhula", kusho uKayini.Alulimoniizikhathi eziyisikhombisa zimane nje umoya. Esikhundleni somoya e-hard disk drive ngealulimoniInganciphisa isiyaluyalu, futhi idiski ingajikeleza kangcono, ngakho-ke amadiski amaningi angalayishwa esikhaleni esincane futhi adle amandla amancane.AlulimoniIgcwele ukushayela kanzima ukukhuphuka umthamo ngo-50% nokusebenza kahle kwamandla nge-23%. Ngenxa yalokhu, izikhungo zedatha ezisezingeni eliphakeme manje zisebenzisa i-helium egcwele izidakamizwa ezinamandla aphezulu. Iphinde isetshenziselwe abafundi be-barcode, ama-computer chip, ama-semiconductors, amaphaneli e-LCD, nezintambo ze-fiber optic.

Enye imboni ekhula ngokushesha iyachithaalulimoni, okuyimboni yesikhala. I-Helium isetshenziswa emathangini kaphethiloli amarokhethi, ama-satellites kanye nezinhlayiya zamasheshisa. Ubuningi bayo obuphansi kusho nokuthi lungasetshenziselwa ukudonswa kolwandle okujulile, kepha ukusetshenziswa kwalo okubaluleke kakhulu kunjenge-coolant, ikakhulukazi ama-magnets eMishini (ama-magnetic resonance imaging) imishini. Kufanele zigcinwe eduze kwe-zero ngokuphelele ukuze zilondoloze izakhiwo ze-quantum zama-magnets ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla azo. Umshini ojwayelekile we-MRI udinga amalitha angama-2000 kawuketshezialulimoni. Ngonyaka odlule, i-United States yaqhuba izivivinyo zobuntu bukagnetic zobunzima bezigidi ezingama-38. I-Forbes ikholelwa lokhoalulimoniUkushoda kungaba yinkinga yezokwelapha emhlabeni jikelele.

"Njengoba kunikezwe ukubaluleka kokuthola amandla kazibuthe zenuzi kufanekiselwa emphakathini wezokwelapha,alulimoniUsizi kufanele lube phambili futhi lube yisikhungo sosopolitiki, abenzi bezombusazwe, odokotela, iziguli kanye nomphakathi ukudingida nokuthola izixazululo ezizinzile. Ukushoda kwealulimonikuyinkinga enkulu, ethinta ngqo noma ngokungaqondile. "

Namabhaluni ephathi.

Izindleko ze-helium zizokhuphuka

Uma uyinkampani ye-Aerospace ebhizinisini elincike ekuthumeleni ama-satellites esikhaleni, noma umenzi we-MRI osebenza ngokuthengisa imishini ye-MRI, ngeke uvumelealulimoniUkushoda kuvimbela ibhizinisi lakho. Ngeke uyeke ukukhiqizwa. Uzokhokha noma iyiphi intengo edingekayo bese udlula izindleko. Izingcingo eziphathwayo, amakhompyutha kanye nazo zonke izidingo zempilo zanamuhlaalulimoni. Akukho okuthathelwa indawo e-Helium, ngaphandle kwaso esasikubuyela kulonyaka wamatshe.

Alulimonikungumkhiqizo wokucwengwa kwegesi yemvelo. Umkhiqizi omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni yi-United States (accounting cishe ama-40% wokuhlinzekwa), alandelwa yi-Qatar, Algeria naseRussia. Kodwa-ke, i-United States NationalalulimoniGcina umthombo omkhulu we-helium omkhulu kunabo bonke emhlabeni eminyakeni engama-70 edlule, usanda kumisa ukuhambisa. Le nkampani ivumela abasebenzi ukuba bahambe, kukhishwe ingcindezi epayipini. Lapho kudingeka i-1200 PSI ukuze ukukhiqizwa, ingcindezi manje sekuyi-700 PSI. Okungenani ngombono, uhlelo njengamanje luyathengiswa.

Le mibhalo ihlangabezane nokubambezeleka kwe-White House, okungathatha isikhathi sokuxazululwa. Ngeke sibone imakethe kuze kube yilapho isixazululiwe. Abathengi abangahle nabo kufanele baqaphele izimpahla ezingcolile nezinyathelo eziqhubekayo zomthetho. Ukunikezwa okukhulualulimoniIsitshalo esanda esakhiwe yiGazprom e-Amur, empumalanga yeRussia, futhi sivaliwe, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzoba khona umkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuphela kuka-2023, ngoba kuncike ekutheni abasebenzi baseRussia njengamanje.

Kunoma ikuphi, kuzoba nzima eRussia ukuthengisa ngaphandle kweChina naseRussia. Eqinisweni, iRussia inamandla okuba ngumkhiqizi omkhulu emhlabeni - kepha lokhu kuyiRussia. Ngasekuqaleni konyaka, qatar wayenokuvalwa okubili. Yize iphinde yavulwa kabusha, ngamafuphi, sibone isimo esibizwa nge-helium ukushoda 4.0, okuwukushoda kwe-helium emhlabathini yesine kusukela ngo-2006.

Amathuba embonini ye-Helium

Njengokuthi ngealulimoniUkushoda kwe-1,0, 2.0 no-3.0, ukuphazamiseka okuhlinzekwayo kwemboni encane kuye kwabangela ukukhathazeka. Ukushoda kwe-Helium 4.0 kungukuqhubeka kuka-2.0 no-3.0. Ngamafuphi, umhlaba udinga ukulethwa okushaalulimoni. Isixazululo ukutshala imali kubakhiqizi nabathuthukisi abangaba khona. Kukhona abaningi ngaphandle, kepha njengazo zonke izinkampani zezemvelo zezemvelo, ama-75% abantu azokwehluleka.