Ososayensi noNjiniyela bahlole i-Venus Balloon Prototype ehlane elimnyama laseNevada ngoJulayi 2022. Imoto esezingeni eliphezulu igcwalise ngempumelelo izindiza ezimbili zokuhlola ezi-2

Ngokushisa kwayo okujabulisayo nokucindezela okukhulu, indawo yeVenus 'iyinzondo futhi ayithetheleli. Eqinisweni, amacala asefikile lapho kuze kube manje agcina amahora ambalwa okungenani. Kepha kungenzeka kube nenye indlela yokuhlola lo mhlaba oyingozi futhi othakazelayo ngaphezu kwama-orbitlers, ujikeleza ilanga nje ukulahla itshe kusuka emhlabeni. Lelo yibhaluni. I-Nasa's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (jpl) ePasadena, uCalif.

Abaphenyi basebenzise i-prototype yokuhlola, inguqulo ye-shrunken yebhaluni empeleni engahle ikhukhuleke ngamafu aminyene eVenus.

Indiza yokuqala ye-venus balloon prototype yokuhlola

IVenus aerobot ehleliwe ngamamitha ayi-12 ububanzi, cishe ngo-2/3 usayizi we-prototype.

Iqembu lososayensi nonjiniyela abavela e-jpl futhi eduze nase-Space Corporation eTillamook, e-Oregon, baqhuba indiza yokuhlola. Impumelelo yabo isikisela ukuthi amabhaluni aseVenusian kufanele akwazi ukusinda esimweni esiminyene salezwe elingumakhelwane. EVenus, ibhaluni lizondiza endaweni ephakeme ngamakhilomitha angama-55 ngaphezulu kobuso. Ukufanisa izinga lokushisa nobukhulu besimo saseVenus esivivinyweni, iqembu laphakamisa ibhaluni lokuhlola liye ekuphakameni kwe-1 km.

Ngazo zonke izindlela, ibhaluni liziphatha njengoba laklanywa. UJacob Izraelevitz, umphenyi oyinhloko wokuhlolwa kwendiza ye-jpl, uchwepheshe we-robotic, uthe: "Sijabule kakhulu ngokusebenza kwe-prototype ngemuva kwalezi zindiza.

UPaul Byrne waseWashington University eSt. Louis kanye ne-Aerospace Robotic Science Collisiorator angezele: "Impumelelo yalezi zindiza zokuhlola isho lukhulu kithi: Lezi zivivinyo zibeka isisekelo se-robotic ye-venus.

Ukuhamba emimoyeni yeVenus

Ngakho kungani amabhaluni? I-NASA ifuna ukutadisha isifunda somoya weVenus ophansi kakhulu nge-orbiter ukuze ihlaziye. Ngokungafani nabanikazi, okuvunguza kungakapheli amahora amaningi, amabhaluni angakwazi ukuntanta emoyeni amasonto noma izinyanga, akhukhuleke empumalanga entshonalanga. Ibhaluni lingashintsha nokuphakama kwalo phakathi kuka-171,000 namamitha angama-203,000 (amakhilomitha angama-52 kuye kwangama-62) ngaphezulu kobuso.

Kodwa-ke, amarobhothi ezindizayo awawona kuphela. Isebenza nge-orbiter engenhla komkhathi weVenus. Ngaphezu kokwenza izivivinyo zesayensi, ibhaluni libuye lisebenze njengokudluliswa kwezokuxhumana ne-orbiter.

Amabhaluni ngamabhaluni

I-prototype empeleni iyi "balloon ngaphakathi kwebhaluni," kusho abaphenyi. Inqwehliwealulimonikugcwalisa i-reservoir yangaphakathi. Okwamanje, ibhaluni le-helium elingaphandle elingaphandle linganwebisa kanye nenkontileka. Amabhaluni abuye akhuphuke aphezulu noma awe phansi. Kwenza lokhu ngosizo lwealulimoniama-vents. Uma iqembu lemishini lifuna ukuphakamisa ibhaluni, lalingenza i-helium kusuka kudamu elingaphakathi liye kubhaluni elingaphandle. Ukubeka ibhaluni libuyele endaweni,alulimoniingena emuva edamini. Lokhu kubangela ibhaluni elingaphandle lizothola inkontileka futhi lilahlekelwe yi-buoyancy.

Imvelo Ekhulisayo

Ekuphakameni okuhleliwe kwamakhilomitha angama-55 ngaphezulu kwe-venus, izinga lokushisa alikho njengengcindezi futhi ingcindezi yasemkhathini ayinamandla. Kepha le ngxenye yesimo sikaVenus isenokhahlo impela, ngoba amafu agcwele amaconsi e-sulfuric acid. Ukusiza ukumelana nale ndawo esebenza kahle, onjiniyela bakha ibhaluni kusuka ezingxenyeni eziningi zezinto ezibonakalayo. Izinto ezibonakalayo zibonisa ukuhlanganiswa kwe-acid ezingamelana ne-acid, i-metallization ukunciphisa ukufudumeza kwelanga, kanye nongqimba lwangaphakathi oluhlala luqinile ngokwanele ukuthwala izinsimbi zesayensi. Ngisho nezimpawu zasolwandle zimelana ne-acid. Ukuhlolwa kwezindiza kukhombisile ukuthi izinto zokwakha nokwakhiwa kwebhaluni kufanele futhi zisebenze eVenus. Izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukusinda kweVenus ziyinselele ukukhiqiza, kanye nokuqina kokusingathwa esikubonisile ekuvulekeni kwethu kweNevada futhi ukululama kusinika ukuzethemba ekuthembekeni kwamabhaluni ethu eVenus.

Kwaphela amashumishumi eminyaka, abanye ososayensi nonjiniyela bahlongoze amabhaluni njengendlela yokuhlola iVenus. Lokhu kungekudala kungaba ngokoqobo. Isithombe nge-NASA.

Isayensi emkhathini weVenus

Ososayensi bahlomisa amabhaluni ophenyo oluhlukahlukene lwesayensi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukubheka amaza omsindo emkhathini akhiqizwe ukuzamazama komhlaba waseVenusian. Ezinye zokuhlaziya okujabulisa kakhulu kuzoba ukwakheka komoya uqobo.I-Carbon DioxideKwenze kakhulu umkhathi weVenus, ekhulisa umphumela wokushisa abamba ukushisa owenze iVenus isihogo ngaphezulu. Ukuhlaziywa okusha kunganikezela izinkomba ezibalulekile ngokuthi lokhu kwenzeke kanjani ngqo. Eqinisweni, ososayensi bathi ezinsukwini zokuqala, uVenus wayevame ukuthanda umhlaba. Ngakho kwenzekani?

Kuyiqiniso, njengoba ososayensi bebika ukutholwa kwe-phosphine emkhathini weVenus ngo-2020, umbuzo wokuphila okungenzeka emafwini aseVenus uvuselele intshisekelo. Imvelaphi ye-phosphine ayihlanganisi, futhi ezinye izifundo zisangabaza ubukhona bayo. Kepha ama-balloon ohambweni onjengalesi angahle abe elungele ukuhlaziya okujulile kwamafu futhi mhlawumbe ahlonze noma yimaphi amagciwane. Imisebenzi ye-Balloon enjengalokhu ingasiza ukuvula enye yemfihlo edidayo neyinselele.