Ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe boketshezii-hydrogenkanye noketshezii-helium, ezinye izikhungo ezinkulu zesayensi zingaba yinqwaba yezinsimbi ezilahliwe… Zibaluleke kangakanani i-hydrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-helium ewuketshezi?

Ososayensi baseShayina banqoba kanjanii-hydrogenkanye ne-helium okungenakwenzeka ukuyincibilikisa? Ngisho nokuba phakathi kwezingcono kakhulu emhlabeni? Ake siveze izihloko ezishisayo ezifana ne-“Ice Arrow” kanye nokuvuza kwe-helium, bese singena esahlukweni esihle kakhulu semboni yezwe lami eguquguqukayo.

I-Ice Rocket: Isimangaliso Se-Liquid Hydrogen kanye ne-Liquid Oxygen

Thina rokhethi yokuthwala iLong March 5 yaseShayina, i-“Hercules” yemboni yezindiza, “u-90% kaphethiloli uketshezii-hydrogen"emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-253 degrees Celsius kanye nomoya-mpilo owuketshezi emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka-183 degrees Celsius" - lokhu kuseduze nomkhawulo wokushisa okuphansi, futhi futhi kungumsuka wegama elithi "Ice Rocket".

Kungani ukhethe i-hydrogen ewuketshezi?

Isizathu silula: isisindo esifanayoi-hydrogeninomthamo ophindwe izikhathi ezingu-800 kune-hydrogen ewuketshezi. Uma kusetshenziswa uphethiloli owuketshezi, “ithangi likaphethiloli” lerokhethi ligcina isikhala esiningi, futhi igobolondo lingaba lincane, ukuze lithwale imithwalo eminingi esibhakabhakeni. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrogen ewuketshezi kanye ne-oxygen ewuketshezi akugcini nje ngokuba nobungane nemvelo, kodwa futhi kungakhiqiza ukwanda kwesivinini esikhulu futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwenjini. Kuyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu se-rocket propellant.

Ukuvuza kwe-Helium: Umbulali ongabonakali ensimini yezindiza

Ekuqaleni i-SpaceX yayihlelelwe ukwenza umsebenzi we-“North Star Dawn” ekupheleni kuka-Agasti, kodwa ukwethulwa kwahlehliswa ngenxa yokutholakala kwe-“i-heliumukuvuza ngaphambi kokwethulwa. I-Helium idlala indima “yokunika isandla” erokhethini. Ikhipha umoya-mpilo owuketshezi enjinini njengesirinji.

Nokho,i-heliuminesisindo esincane sama-molecule futhi kulula kakhulu ukuvuza, okuyingozi kakhulu kubuchwepheshe basemkhathini. Lesi sigameko siphinde sigqamise ukubaluleka kwe-helium emkhakheni wezindiza kanye nobunzima bokusetshenziswa kwayo.

I-hydrogen ne-helium: izakhi eziningi kakhulu endaweni yonke

I-Hydrogen kanyei-heliumAkuzona nje kuphela “omakhelwane” etafuleni lezinto eziphindaphindwayo, kodwa futhi yizinto ezitholakala kakhulu endaweni yonke. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrogen kukhulula ukushisa kube yi-helium, into eyenzeka nsuku zonke elangeni.

Ukuncibilikiswa koketshezii-hydrogenkanye ne-helium isebenzisa indlela efanayo yokuqandisa, futhi amazinga okushisa azo oketshezi aphansi kakhulu, ku--253℃ kanye no--269℃ ngokulandelana. Lapho izinga lokushisa le-helium eliwuketshezi lehla liye ku--271℃, kuzokwenzeka noshintsho lwe-superfluid, okuwumphumela we-quantum we-macroscopic.

Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusezingeni eliphezulu njenge-quantum computing kuzoba nesidingo esikhulayo sezindawo ezinezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, futhi ososayensi baseShayina bazoqhubeka nokuqhubekela phambili ohambweni lwezinga lokushisa eliphansi futhi banikele kakhulu entuthukweni yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe. Ngibabingelela ososayensi, futhi masibheke phambili ezifinyelelweni zabo ezinhle kakhulu esikhathini esizayo!