I-Deuterium iyi-isotope ezinzile ye-hydrogen. Le isotope inezakhiwo ezihlukile kancane kune-isotope yayo yemvelo eningi kakhulu (i-protium), futhi iwusizo emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi, okuhlanganisa i-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy kanye ne-quantitative mass spectrometry. Isetshenziselwa ukutadisha izihloko ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ezifundweni zemvelo kuya ekuxilongweni kwezifo.

Imakethe yamakhemikhali anelebula le-isotope elizinzile ibone ukwenyuka okukhulu kwentengo okungaphezu kuka-200% ngonyaka odlule. Lo mkhuba ubonakala kakhulu emananini amakhemikhali anelebula le-isotope elizinzile eliyisisekelo njenge-13CO2 kanye ne-D2O, aqala ukukhuphuka engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nokwanda okukhulu kwama-biomolecule anelebula le-isotope elizinzile njenge-glucose noma ama-amino acid ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zemidiya yokukhula kwamaseli.

Ukwanda kwesidingo kanye nokuncipha kokunikezwa kuholela emananini aphezulu

Yini ngempela ebe nomthelela omkhulu kangaka ekuhlinzekweni nasekudingweni kwe-deuterium ngonyaka odlule? Ukusetshenziswa okusha kwamakhemikhali anelebula le-deuterium kudala isidingo esikhulayo se-deuterium.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezithako ezisebenzayo zemithi (ama-API)

Ama-athomu e-Deuterium (D, deuterium) anomphumela wokuvimbela izinga lokusetshenziswa kwemithi emzimbeni womuntu. Kuye kwabonakala kuyisithako esiphephile emithini yokwelapha. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezifanayo ze-deuterium ne-protium, i-deuterium ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-protium kweminye imithi.

Umphumela wokwelapha womuthi ngeke uthintwe kakhulu ngokufakwa kwe-deuterium. Izifundo ze-metabolism zibonise ukuthi imithi equkethe i-deuterium ngokuvamile igcina amandla aphelele kanye namandla. Kodwa-ke, imithi equkethe i-deuterium iguqulwa kancane kancane, okuvame ukuholela emiphumeleni ehlala isikhathi eside, imithamo emincane noma embalwa, kanye nemiphumela emibi embalwa.

I-deuterium inomthelela onciphisa kanjani ukwakheka kwezidakamizwa? I-Deuterium iyakwazi ukwakha izibopho zamakhemikhali eziqinile ngaphakathi kwama-molecule ezidakamizwa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-protium. Njengoba ukwakheka kwezidakamizwa kuvame ukuhilela ukugqashuka kwezibopho ezinjalo, izibopho eziqinile zisho ukuthi ukwakheka kwezidakamizwa kuhamba kancane.

I-Deuterium oxide isetshenziswa njengento yokuqala yokukhiqiza amakhemikhali ahlukahlukene anelebula le-deuterium, okuhlanganisa nezithako zemithi ezisebenzayo ezikhishwe.

Ikhebula le-Fiber Optic elihlanganisiwe

Esigabeni sokugcina sokukhiqizwa kwe-fiber optic, izintambo ze-fiber optic ziphathwa ngegesi ye-deuterium. Izinhlobo ezithile ze-fiber optic zisengozini yokonakala kokusebenza kwazo kwe-optical, into ebangelwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngama-athomu atholakala ngaphakathi noma eduze kwentambo.

Ukuze kuncishiswe le nkinga, i-deuterium isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-protium ethile ekhona ezintanjeni ze-fiber optic. Lokhu kushintsha kunciphisa izinga lokusabela futhi kuvimbele ukuwohloka kokudluliselwa kokukhanya, ekugcineni kwandise impilo yentambo.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwama-semiconductor e-silicon nama-microchip

Inqubo yokushintshana kwe-deuterium-protium negesi ye-deuterium (deuterium 2; D 2) isetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwama-semiconductor e-silicon nama-microchip, avame ukusetshenziswa emabhodini esifunda. I-Deuterium annealing isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni ama-athomu e-protium nge-deuterium ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali kwamasekethe e-chip kanye nemiphumela eyingozi yemiphumela yokuthwala okushisayo.

Ngokusebenzisa le nqubo, umjikelezo wokuphila wama-semiconductor nama-microchip ungandiswa kakhulu futhi uthuthukiswe, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwama-chip amancane naphezulu.

Ukuguqulwa kwama-Diode Akhipha Ukukhanya Okuphilayo (ama-OLED)

I-OLED, isifinyezo se-Organic Light Emitting Diode, iyidivayisi yefilimu encane eyakhiwe ngezinto ze-semiconductor eziphilayo. Ama-OLED anobukhulu bamanje obuphansi kanye nokukhanya okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nama-diode akhipha ukukhanya avamile (ama-LED). Nakuba ama-OLED engabizi kakhulu ukuwakhiqiza kunama-LED avamile, ukukhanya kwawo kanye nesikhathi sawo sokuphila akuphakeme kangako.

Ukuze kufezwe intuthuko eshintsha umdlalo kubuchwepheshe be-OLED, ukufakwa esikhundleni se-protium nge-deuterium kutholakale kuyindlela ethembisayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-deuterium iqinisa izibopho zamakhemikhali ezintweni ze-semiconductor eziphilayo ezisetshenziswa kuma-OLED, okuletha izinzuzo eziningana: Ukuwohloka kwamakhemikhali kwenzeka ngesivinini esiphansi, kwandise impilo yedivayisi.