I-Deuterium iyi-isotope ezinzile ye-hydrogen. Le isotopu inezakhiwo ezihluke kancane ku-isotope yayo yemvelo eningi kakhulu (protium), futhi ibalulekile emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi, okuhlanganisa i-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy kanye ne-quantitative mass spectrometry. Isetshenziselwa ukutadisha izihloko ezihlukahlukene, kusukela ezifundweni zemvelo kuya ekuxilongweni kwezifo.

Imakethe yamakhemikhali anelebula le-isotopu ezinzile ibone ukwenyuka kwentengo okumangalisayo okungaphezu kwama-200% onyakeni odlule. Lo mkhuba ugqame kakhulu ezintengo zamakhemikhali anelebula le-isotopu ayisisekelo njenge-13CO2 kanye ne-D2O, aqala ukukhuphuka engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2022. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kube nokukhuphuka okukhulu kwama-biomolecules anelebula ye-isotopu ezinzile njenge-glucose. noma ama-amino acid ayizingxenye ezibalulekile zemidiya yamaseli.

Ukwenyuka kwesidingo kanye nokuncipha kokuhlinzeka kuholela emananini aphezulu

Yini ngempela eye yaba nomthelela omkhulu kangaka ekuhlinzekeni nasekufuneni i-deuterium ngonyaka odlule? Ukusetshenziswa okusha kwamakhemikhali anelebuli ye-deuterium kudala isidingo esikhulayo se-deuterium.

I-Deuteration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs)

Ama-athomu e-Deuterium (D, deuterium) anomphumela ovimbelayo kusilinganiso semetabolism yezidakamizwa emzimbeni womuntu. Kuboniswe ukuthi kuyisithako esiphephile emithini yokwelapha. Ngokubheka izici zamakhemikhali ezifanayo ze-deuterium ne-protium, i-deuterium ingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-protium kweminye imithi.

Umphumela wokwelapha wesidakamizwa ngeke uthinteke kakhulu ngokungezwa kwe-deuterium. Ucwaningo lwe-Metabolism lubonise ukuthi izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-deuterium ngokuvamile zigcina amandla agcwele kanye namandla. Kodwa-ke, izidakamizwa eziqukethe i-deuterium zishintshwa kancane kancane, ngokuvamile okuholela emiphumeleni ehlala isikhathi eside, imithamo emincane noma embalwa, kanye nemiphumela engemihle embalwa.

Ngabe i-deuterium inawo kanjani umphumela owehlisayo kumetabolism yezidakamizwa? I-Deuterium iyakwazi ukwenza izibopho zamakhemikhali ezinamandla ngaphakathi kwama-molecule ezidakamizwa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-protium. Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi i-metabolism yezidakamizwa ngokuvamile ihilela ukugqashuka kwezibopho ezinjalo, izibopho eziqinile zisho ukuhamba kancane kwe-metabolism yezidakamizwa.

I-Deuterium oxide isetshenziswa njengesiqalo sokwenziwa kwezinhlanganisela ezilebulwe ezinhlobonhlobo ze-deuterium, okuhlanganisa nezithako ezisebenzayo zemithi engasebenzi.

I-Deuterated Fiber Optic Cable

Esigabeni sokugcina sokukhiqiza i-fiber optic, izintambo ze-fiber optic ziphathwa ngegesi ye-deuterium. Izinhlobo ezithile zefiber optical zisengozini yokonakaliswa kokusebenza kwazo kokubona, into ebangelwa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngama-athomu atholakala phakathi noma eduze kwekhebula.

Ukudambisa le nkinga, i-deuterium isetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni se-protium ekhona ezintamboni ze-fiber optic. Lokhu kushintsha kunciphisa izinga lokusabela futhi kuvimbela ukucekelwa phansi kokudluliswa kokukhanya, ekugcineni kunwebe impilo yekhebula.

Ukukhishwa kwe-silicon semiconductors nama-microchips

Inqubo ye-deuterium-protium exchange ne-deuterium gas (deuterium 2; D 2) isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwe-silicon semiconductors kanye nama-microchips, avame ukusetshenziswa kumabhodi wesifunda. I-Deuterium annealing isetshenziselwa ukushintsha ama-athomu e-protium nge-deuterium ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali kwamasekhethi e-chip kanye nemiphumela eyingozi yemiphumela yenkampani yenethiwekhi eshisayo.

Ngokusebenzisa le nqubo, umjikelezo wempilo wama-semiconductors nama-microchips unganwetshwa kakhulu futhi uthuthukiswe, okuvumela ukwenziwa kwama-chips amancane naphezulu.

Ukukhishwa kwe-Organic Light Emitting Diodes (ama-OLED)

I-OLED, isifinyezo se-Organic Light Emitting Diode, iyithuluzi lefilimu elincanyana elakhiwe ngezinto ze-organic semiconductor. Ama-OLED anokuminyana okuphansi kwamanje nokukhanya uma kuqhathaniswa nama-diode endabuko akhipha ukukhanya (ama-LED). Nakuba ama-OLED ebiza kancane ukukhiqiza kunama-LED avamile, ukukhanya kwawo nokuphila kwawo akuphakeme kangako.

Ukuze kuzuzwe ukuthuthukiswa okushintsha igeyimu kubuchwepheshe be-OLED, ukushintshwa kwe-protium nge-deuterium kutholwe kuyindlela ethembisayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-deuterium iqinisa izibopho zamakhemikhali ezintweni ze-organic semiconductor ezisetshenziswa kuma-OLED, okuletha izinzuzo ezimbalwa: Ukonakala kwamakhemikhali kwenzeka ngenani eliphansi, kunweba impilo yedivayisi.