Intengo yeneon, igesi ye-semiconductor eyivelakancane eyayishoda ngenxa yenkinga yase-Ukraine ngonyaka odlule, isishaye phansi ngonyawo esikhathini esingangonyaka nesigamu. Isi-South Koreaneonizimpahla ezivela kwamanye amazwe nazo zifike ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili. Njengoba imboni ye-semiconductor iwohloka, isidingo sempahla eluhlaza siyehla futhi ukuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo kuzinzile.
Ngokwezibalo ezivela ku-Korea Customs Service, intengo yokungeniswa kwamanye amazweneonigesi eNingizimu Korea ngenyanga edlule yayingamadola aseMelika angama-53,700 (cishe izigidi ezingama-70 ewiniwe), ukwehla ngo-99% kusuka kumadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-2.9 (cishe amabhiliyoni ayi-3.7 awiniwe) ngoJuni ngonyaka owedlule. Idola laseMelika) laqhubeka nokwehla, lehla kakhulu laya ku-1/10. Ukungeniswa kweneonnegesi yehle kakhulu. Ukuthengwa kwamanye amazwe bekungamathani angu-2.4 ngenyanga edlule, izinga eliphansi kakhulu eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2014.
I-Neoninto eyinhloko yama-lasers e-excimer, asetshenziswa kwinqubo yokuchayeka yokuqopha amasekhethi amahle kuma-wafers (ama-semiconductor optical discs) kusetshenziswa ukukhanya. Kubhekwa njengento ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwe-semiconductor, kodwa kuze kube ngu-2021 incike ngokuphelele ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe. Kuze kube manje, iNingizimu Korea ingenisa kakhuluneonkusuka e-Ukraine naseRussia, okuyisilinganiso esingaphezu kwama-70% okukhiqizwa kwegesi eyivelakancane emhlabeni, kodwa uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka lunqanyuliwe njengoba impi yaseRussia-Ukraine inweba isikhathi eside.
Ngonyaka odlule, iNingizimu Koreaigesi engavamileimpahla evela eShayina yabalelwa ku-80-100% wesamba sayo esithengwayo. Khonamanjalo, intengoneonifinyelele ku-$2.9 million (cishe izigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.775 ewiniwe) ngoJuni wonyaka odlule, cishe izikhathi ezingu-55 kusukela ngonyaka odlule. “Amagesi angavamilengokuvamile zigcinwa kusasele izinyanga ezintathu, kanti izinkontileka zisayinwa ngamanani angaguquki, ngakho kuze kube maphakathi nonyaka odlule, akuzange kube khona ukushaqeka okukhulu,” kusho isikhulu embonini ye-semiconductor.
Uhulumeni waseNingizimu Korea kanye nezinkampani ziye zasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bomdabu njengenani leamagesi angavamilelenyuka ngenxa yokungalingani kwesidingo sokuhlinzeka. Ngonyaka odlule, i-POSCO yaqala ukukhiqizaneonigesi esikhungweni sayo somoya-mpilo esitshalweni saseGwangyang. I-POSCO kanye ne-TEMC, okuyinkampani esebenza ngamagesi akhethekile we-semiconductor, babambisane ukuthuthukisa indawo yabo yokukhiqiza igesi ye-neon isebenzisa izihlukanisi ezinkulu zomoya ukukhiqiza igesi yokwenza insimbi. Ineonigesi ekhishwa ngale nqubo icwengwa yi-TEMC ngobuchwepheshe bayo, futhi yenziwe ngisho negesi ye-laser excimer eqediwe. Igesi ye-neon ehlanzekile kakhulu ekhiqizwe imboni ye-oxygen e-Gwangyang Plant yanele ukuhlangabezana no-16% wesidingo sasekhaya. Wonke ama-neon asekhaya akhiqizwa ngale ndlela athengiswa.
Abakhiqizi be-semiconductor nabo bakhulisa ingxenye yendawo yaseNingizimu Koreaamagesi angavamile. I-SK Hynix ithathele indawo cishe amaphesenti angama-40 ayoneonukusetshenziswa kwegesi emikhiqizweni yasekhaya ngonyaka odlule futhi uhlela ukukwenyusa lokho kube ngamaphesenti ayi-100 ngonyaka ozayo. Iphinde yanquma ukwethula amagesi e-krypton namagesi e-xenon akhiqizwa kuleli ngoJune walo nyaka. Kulandela ukwethulwa kwasekhayaneon, I-Samsung Electronics iphinde ibambisane ne-POSCO ukukhuthaza ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwe-xenon.
Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kokwenziwa kwasendaweni kweNingizimu Korea, isabelo seamagesi angavamileethengwa eChina yehle kakhulu. Wonke amagesi we-neon angeniswe ngamanani amancane ngenyanga edlule aqhamuka eRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanani kulindeleke ukuthi azinze okwesikhashana njengoba imboni ye-semiconductor yonakala kakhulu kusukela engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka odlule, inciphisa isidingo samagesi angavamile njengeneon. Kodwa-ke, okunye okuguquguqukayo ukuthi iRussia, umthengi omkhulu kwamanye amazwe, yanweba ukuvinjelwa kokuthunyelwa kwamagesi angavamile emazweni angenabungane kuhlanganise neSouth Korea kuze kube sekupheleni kwalo nyaka ukuphendula unswinyo lwe-US ngokumelene neRussia. "Izimboni zokukhiqiza igesi ezingavamile zase-Ukraine zisavaliwe futhi ukuhlinzekwa kwegesi engavamile evela eRussia nakho akuzinzile," kusho isikhulu se-KOTRA.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-08-2023
