Alulimonikungenye yamagesi ambalwa alula kunomoya. Okubaluleke kakhulu, kuzinzile, akunamzimba, angenabala futhi akunangozi, ngakho-ke kuyindlela enhle kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ukushaya amabhaluni wokuzikhangela.

Manje i-helium ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "igesi umhlaba ongavamile" noma "igesi yegolide".AlulimoniImvamisa kubhekwa njengemithombo yemvelo kuphela engavuselelwa ngempela emhlabeni. Lapho usebenzisa okuningi, okuncane onakho, futhi kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokusebenzisa.

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo othokozisayo uwukuthi, yini i-helium esetshenziselwa futhi kungani ingavuselelwa?

I-helium yomhlaba ivelaphi?

Alulimonikufinyelela kwesibili etafuleni lesikhathi. Eqinisweni, futhi kuyinto yesibili enkulu kunazo zonke endaweni yonke, okwesibili kuphela ku-hydrogen, kepha i-helium iyavela impela emhlabeni.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthialulimoniine-valence ye-zero futhi ayibonisi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo ezijwayelekile. Imvamisa ikhona kuphela ngesimo se-helium (yena) namagesi ayo e-isotope.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba kukhanya kakhulu, uma sekuvele ebusweni bomhlaba ngefomu legesi, lizophunyuka kalula esikhaleni esikhundleni sokuhlala emhlabeni. Ngemuva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokuphunyuka, kune-helium encane kakhulu esele emhlabeni, kepha ukugcwala kwamanje kwe-helium emoyeni kusengagcinwa ngezingxenye eziyi-5.2 ngesigidi.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-lithosphere yomhlaba izoqhubeka nokukhiqizaalulimoniUkwenza ukulahleka kwayo kokuphunyuka. Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, i-helium ngokuvamile ayihambelani nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ngakho-ke kukhiqizwa kanjani?

Iningi le-helium emhlabeni lingumkhiqizo wokuwohloka kwe-radioactive, ikakhulukazi ukubola kwe-uranium ne-thorium. Lokhu futhi kuyindlela kuphela yokukhiqiza i-helium njengamanje. Asikwazi ukukhiqiza i-helium ngobuqili ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Iningi le-helium eyakhiwe ngokuwohloka kwemvelo lizongena emkhathini, lilondoloze ukugxila kwe-helium ngenkathi lilahlekelwa ngokuqhubekayo, kepha amanye awo azovalwa yi-lithosphere. Lawo ma-helium avaliwe avame ukuhlanganiswa kugesi wemvelo, futhi ekugcineni athuthukiswa futhi ahlukaniswe ngabantu.

Yini i-helium esetshenziselwa?

I-Helium ine-soubelity ephansi kakhulu nokusebenza okuphezulu okushisayo. Lezi zici zivumela ukuthi zisetshenziswe emikhakheni eminingi, njengokushiswa kwe-welding, ukucindezela kanye nokuhlanzwa, okufana nokusebenzisa i-helium.

Kodwa-ke, yini eyenza ngempelaalulimoni"Igesi yegolide" iphuzu layo elisezingeni eliphansi. Izinga lokushisa elibucayi nelibilayo le-helium ewuketshezi yi-5.20K no-4.125k ngokulandelana, okusondelene ne-zero ngokuphelele kanye ne-ophansi kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izinto.

Lokhu kwenzaI-Liquid HeliumKusetshenziswe kabanzi kuma-cryogenics kanye nokupholisa ama-superconductors.

Ezinye izinto zizokhombisa ama-supercoduction ekushiseni kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi, kepha ezinye izinto zidinga amazinga okushisa aphansi. Badinga ukusebenzisa i-helium ewuketshezi futhi abakwazi ukushintshwa. Isibonelo, izinto ezinhle kakhulu ezisetshenziswa emishini yokucabanga ye-magnetic resonance ecabangayo kanye ne-european sadron coltider yonke ipholile yi-helium ewuketshezi.

Inkampani yethu icubungula ukungenela insimu ye-helium ewuketshezi, sicela uhlale ubukele.