I-Heliumingenye yamagesi ambalwa alula kunomoya. Okubaluleke kakhulu, izinzile impela, ayinambala, ayinaphunga futhi ayinangozi, ngakho-ke kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa ukuqhuma amabhaluni azintantayo.

Manje i-helium ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi “igesi engavamile” noma “igesi yegolide”.I-Heliumivame ukubhekwa njengokuphela kwemithombo yemvelo engavuseleleki ngempela eMhlabeni. Uma usebenzisa kakhulu, kulapho uncipha khona, futhi inokusetshenziswa okubanzi.

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo othakazelisayo uwukuthi, isetshenziselwani i-helium futhi kungani ingavuseleleki?

Ivelaphi i-helium yomhlaba?

I-HeliumIbekwe endaweni yesibili kuthebula lezinto eziphindaphindwayo. Eqinisweni, futhi iyisakhi sesibili esinobuningi kakhulu endaweni yonke, ilandela i-hydrogen kuphela, kodwa i-helium ayivamile kakhulu eMhlabeni.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthii-heliumine-valence engu-zero futhi ayihlangabezani nokusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo ezijwayelekile. Ngokuvamile ikhona kuphela ngesimo se-helium (He) kanye namagesi ayo e-isotope.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngoba ikhanya kakhulu, uma isivele ebusweni bomhlaba ngesimo segesi, izophuma kalula iye emkhathini esikhundleni sokuhlala emhlabeni. Ngemva kweminyaka eyizigidi ezingamakhulu yokuphuma, kusele i-helium encane kakhulu eMhlabeni, kodwa ukugcwala kwamanje kwe-helium emkhathini kusengagcinwa cishe kuzingxenye ezingu-5.2 ngesigidi.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-lithosphere yoMhlaba izoqhubeka nokukhiqizai-heliumukuze kulungiswe ukulahlekelwa kwayo ukubaleka. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-helium ngokuvamile ayihlangabezani nokusabela kwamakhemikhali, ngakho-ke ikhiqizwa kanjani?

Iningi le-helium eMhlabeni liwumkhiqizo wokubola kwe-radioactive, ikakhulukazi ukubola kwe-uranium ne-thorium. Lena futhi yindlela kuphela yokukhiqiza i-helium okwamanje. Asikwazi ukukhiqiza i-helium ngokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali. Iningi le-helium elakhiwe ukubola kwemvelo lizongena emkhathini, ligcine ukuhlushwa kwe-helium ngenkathi lilahlekelwa njalo, kodwa elinye lalo lizokhiywa yi-lithosphere. Lezo helium ezikhiywe zivame ukuhlanganiswa negesi yemvelo, futhi ekugcineni zakhiwe futhi zahlukaniswa ngabantu.

I-helium isetshenziselwani?

I-Helium inokuncibilika okuphansi kakhulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu. Lezi zici zivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe emikhakheni eminingi, njengokushisela, ukucindezela kanye nokuhlanza, konke okuthanda ukusebenzisa i-helium.

Nokho, yini ngempela eyenzai-helium“igesi yegolide” yiphuzu layo eliphansi lokubila. Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile kanye nephuzu lokubila le-helium ewuketshezi liyi-5.20K kanye ne-4.125K ngokulandelana, okuseduze no-zero ophelele kanye nephansi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto.

Lokhu kwenzai-helium ewuketsheziisetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-cryogenics kanye nokupholisa ama-superconductors.

Ezinye izinto zizobonisa i-superconductivity ekushiseni kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi, kodwa ezinye izinto zidinga amazinga okushisa aphansi. Zidinga ukusebenzisa i-helium ewuketshezi futhi azikwazi ukushintshwa. Isibonelo, izinto zokuqhuba i-superconductivity ezisetshenziswa emishinini yokuthwebula izithombe ze-magnetic resonance kanye ne-European Large Hadron Collider zonke zipholiswa yi-helium ewuketshezi.

Inkampani yethu icabanga ukungena ensimini ye-helium ewuketshezi, sicela uhlale ubukele.