I-Heliumingelinye lamagesi ambalwa alula kunomoya. Okubaluleke nakakhulu, izinzile, ayinambala, ayinaphunga futhi ayinabungozi, ngakho-ke kuyisinqumo esihle kakhulu ukuyisebenzisela ukuqhumisa amabhaluni azihambelayo.

Manje i-helium ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "igesi engavamile yomhlaba" noma "igesi legolide".I-Heliumngokuvamile ibhekwa njengokuphela kwemithombo yemvelo engavuseleleki ngempela Emhlabeni. Lapho usebenzisa kakhulu, uba nemali encane, futhi inobubanzi bokusetshenziswa.

Ngakho-ke, umbuzo othakazelisayo uwukuthi, yini i-helium esetshenziselwa futhi kungani ingavuseleleki?

Ivelaphi i-helium yomhlaba?

I-Heliumikleliswe endaweni yesibili kuthebula le-periodic. Eqinisweni, futhi iyisici sesibili esigcwele kakhulu endaweni yonke, yesibili ngemva kwe-hydrogen, kodwa i-helium iyivelakancane ngempela eMhlabeni.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthii-heliumine-valence kaziro futhi ayihlanganyeli namakhemikhali ngaphansi kwazo zonke izimo ezivamile. Ngokuvamile ikhona kuphela ngesimo se-helium (He) namagesi ayo e-isotope.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngenxa yokuthi ilula kakhulu, uma ivele ebusweni bomhlaba ngesimo segesi, izobalekela kalula emkhathini esikhundleni sokuhlala emhlabeni. Ngemva kwamakhulu ezigidi zeminyaka yokubaleka, incane kakhulu i-helium esele emhlabeni, kodwa ukugcwala kwamanje kwe-helium emkhathini kusengagcinwa cishe izingxenye ezi-5.2 esigidini ngasinye.

Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-lithosphere yomhlaba izoqhubeka nokukhiqizai-heliumukuvala ukulahlekelwa kwayo kokuphunyuka. Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, i-helium ngokuvamile ayisebenzi ngamakhemikhali, ngakho ikhiqizwa kanjani?

Iningi le-helium eMhlabeni liwumkhiqizo wokubola kwe-radioactive, ikakhulukazi ukubola kwe-uranium ne-thorium. Lena futhi ukuphela kwendlela yokukhiqiza i-helium njengamanje. Asikwazi ukukhiqiza i-helium ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Iningi le-helium elakhiwe ukubola kwemvelo lizongena emkhathini, ligcine ukugxila kwe-helium ngenkathi ilahlekelwa ngokuqhubekayo, kodwa enye yayo izovalwa yi-lithosphere. Lezo helium ezikhiyiwe zivame ukuxutshwa negesi yemvelo, futhi ekugcineni ithuthukiswe futhi ihlukaniswe ngabantu.

Isetshenziselwani i-helium?

I-Helium ine-solubility ephansi kakhulu kanye ne-thermal conductivity ephezulu. Lezi zici zivumela ukuthi isetshenziswe emikhakheni eminingi, njengokushisela, ukucindezelwa nokuhlanzwa, bonke abathanda ukusebenzisa i-helium.

Nokho, yini ngempela eyenzai-helium"igesi yegolide" indawo yayo ephansi yokubilisa. Izinga lokushisa elibalulekile nendawo yokubilisa ye-helium ewuketshezi ingu-5.20K no-4.125K ngokulandelanayo, aseduze noziro ophelele futhi aphansi kakhulu kuzo zonke izinto.

Lokhu kwenzai-helium ewuketsheziesetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-cryogenics kanye nokupholisa ama-superconductors.

Ezinye izinto zizobonisa i-superconductivity ekushiseni kwe-nitrogen ewuketshezi, kodwa ezinye izinto zidinga amazinga okushisa aphansi. Badinga ukusebenzisa i-helium ewuketshezi futhi ayikwazi ukushintshwa. Isibonelo, izinto ze-superconducting ezisetshenziswa kumishini yokuthwebula ye-magnetic resonance kanye ne-European Large Hadron Collider zonke zipholiswa nge-helium ewuketshezi.

Inkampani yethu icabanga ukungena emkhakheni we-helium owuketshezi, sicela uhlale ubukele.