Isikhathi esibi kakhulu seI-HeliumUkuntuleka kwe-4.0 kufanele kuphele, kodwa kuphela uma ukusebenza okuzinzile, ukuqala kabusha kanye nokukhuthazwa kwezikhungo ezibalulekile zemizwa emhlabeni wonke kufinyelelwa njengoba kuhleliwe. Amanani aphansi nawo azohlala ephezulu esikhathini esifushane.
Unyaka wemikhawulo yokuphakelwa, izingcindezi zokuthunyelwa kanye namanani akhuphukayo kuhlanganiswe nezimpi nezingozi, izinselele zesistimu yokunakekelwa kwempilo kanye nesidingo esikhulu se-semiconductor kwadala isiphepho esifanele kubasebenzisi be-helium. Ngosuku lokuqala lwengqungquthela ye-MENA Industrial Gases 2022 e-Abu Dhabi, umyalezo ocacile ovela ku-helium yomhlaba wonke kanye nendima yesifunda se-MENA ezinkethweni zokuphakelwa ukuthi kungase kube nesizathu sokuba nethemba - kungaba ngemikhiqizo emisha noma amandla okusebenzisa kabusha kanye nezimakethe ziyathuthuka.
Ii-heliumImakethe ibhekane nengcindezi engakaze ibonwe, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuqhuma kwegesi esitshalweni esikhulu saseGazprom iNew Amur. Uma ilulama kulo nyaka (2023), inamandla okufaka isandla esikhulu ekuhlinzekeni nasekusizeni amanani aphansi.
Eqinisweni, ngokusho kukaPhil Kornbluth, iphrojekthi yokucubungula igesi iGazprom-Amur izoba yisici esikhulu kunazo zonke esithinta i-i-heliumimakethe eminyakeni emine ezayo. UKornbluth uthe ezinye izinto ezibangela ukushoda kweHelium 4.0 ukuvalwa kweyunithi yokucebisa i-helium engahluziwe ye-BLM, ukulungiswa okuhleliwe eQatar, ukuphambukiswa kwegesi kusuka e-Algeria ngokwengxenye ekukhiqizweni kwe-LNG, amapayipi angaphansi kolwandle aya eYurophu ngenxa yengxabano yase-Ukraine, kanye nokuncipha kwegesi ye-Australia Feed esitshalweni saseDarwin kanye nomlilo esitshalweni sokucubungula igesi saseHaven KS. Ukukhula kwesidingo okulinganiselwe cishe ngo-2-4%, okubangelwa ukwakhiwa okusha kwefektri, kanye ne-elekthronikhi okudlula i-MRI njengohlelo lokusebenza oluhamba phambili - ukukhula kwesidingo okulinganiselwe kuzoqhubeka kuphela.
Kusukela maphakathi noJanuwari kuya maphakathi noJuni, i-crudei-heliumUkuphazamiseka kweyunithi yokucebisa (i-CHEU) e-US Bureau of Land Management (BLM) kunciphisa ukucebisa nge-helium eluhlaza, kunciphisa igesi yokudla ibe yizici ezine ezibalulekilei-heliumizitshalo zokukhiqiza uketshezi, okuholela ekutheni kukhishwe ukunikezwa komhlaba wonke okungu-10% emakethe. Uma i-BLM ingaqhubeka nokusebenza ngokuqhubekayo, okubi kakhuluI-HeliumUkuntuleka kwe-4.0 kufanele kuphele futhi u-2023 kungaba unyaka wokushintshela ekutholakaleni okwanele, kodwa konke kuncike esikhathini kanye nobukhulu bokukhiqizwa kwe-Amur.
Kungaba khona ezinyei-heliumukukhiqizwa e-Amur kusukela maphakathi no-2023, kodwa kusekhona ukungaqiniseki okuningi ngalezo zinsuku. Yiqiniso, isikhathi sokuqala kabusha sibambezeleka yimpi e-Ukraine, futhi ngenxa yezijeziso, ukuthuthwa kwemikhiqizo noma izitsha zokuthumela eziya nezibuya e-Amur kuzoba nzima kakhulu.
UKornbluth uthe amanani enkontileka azoqhubeka enyuka kakhulu, ngenxa yokwethuka kwezindleko okuvela eQatar nase-ExxonMobil, futhi amanani aqondile cishe azoqhubeka enyuka kakhulu. Umbono ubuye ungabonakali kahle eminyakeni embalwa ezayo futhi uncike kakhulu ku-2023 ozinzile. Ukugxila kuphinde kube ukuthi isitshalo sase-Amur sizophinde sivule nini kabusha. Amanani kufanele ehle lapho ukuhlinzekwa kwe-Amur kungena emakethe futhi ukuhlinzekwa kufanele kube okwanele ngo-2024, kodwa uma kucatshangelwa ukungaqiniseki okuzungeze izijeziso zase-Ukraine naseRussia lokhu akuqiniseki neze,
Ngokuphathelene nombono, iKornbluth inikeze imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana nokubuyekezwa kwephrojekthi okungenzeka kanye nezici zemakethe ezingathinta umhlaba wonke.i-heliumibhizinisi ngo-2023 futhi ekugcineni kuqedwe ukushoda kwe-Helium 4.0.
I-Irkutsk Petroleum Company iqala isitshalo sayo esisha saseYaraktinsky. Siyisitshalo esingama-cubic feet ayizigidi ezingu-250 ngonyaka. Lokho akwanele ukuqeda ukushoda uma sifika lapho sigcwele khona, kodwa kuzoletha impumuzo ethile. “Ngokuphathelene nombono wekota yokuqala ka-2023, iGazprom ibilokhu itshela abantu muva nje ukuthi balindele ukuthi isitimela sabo sokuqala sibe ngo-Ephreli kanti isitimela sesibili sibe sephuzile ezinyangeni ezimbalwa nje. Kodwa ngoba nje iGazprom ithe sizoqala ngo-Ephreli, akusho ukuthi kuzokwenzeka. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi,i-heliumimakethe izohlala ithengiswa ngokweqile. Ezine kweziyisihlanu ezinkulu ze-helium zabela izimpahla, nakuba kwezinye izimo, njengoba amaphesenti e-BLM Allocation enyukile selokhu yaqala kabusha i-CHEU yayo.
"Sekukonke, isikhathi esibi kakhulu sokuntuleka cishe sesiphelile. Kodwa kuncike esikhathini kanye nobukhulu bokukhiqizwa kwe-Amur. Uma i-Amur ingaqali, sizoba nokuntuleka kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-2023. Uma i-Amur iqala ngo-Ephreli bese isitimela sesibili sifika ezinyangeni ezimbili kamuva futhi sisebenza ngokwethembeka khona-ke kufanele sibone impumuzo ekushodeni."
Ekugcineni, umbuzo ovame ukubuzwa - niniI-HeliumUkuntuleka kwe-4.0 kuyaphela? Impendulo yalokhu inethemba, ezinyangeni ezingu-9 kuya kwezingu-12 kusukela manje. Kufanele sigxile futhi ku-Amur ngo-2023/24. Ngokuphathelene nempi yase-Ukraine, ukuthunyelwa kwe-helium ewuketshezi kuze kube manje akukafakwa ezijezisweni. Kusukela ngoJanuwari, ukuthunyelwa kwe-helium yaseRussia kwakungafakwanga ezijezisweni. Yiqiniso, lesi simo singashintsha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, futhi uma izijeziso zingavimbela abalingani beGazprom abasebenzisana nabo ukuthi bafeze izinkontileka zabo, kunganciphisa futhi kulibazise umthelela wokuhlinzekwa kwe-Amur emakethe yomhlaba wonke futhi kwandise.I-HeliumUkushoda okungu-4.0 kuze kube ngu-2024.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-01-2023
