Igesi evuthayo ihlukaniswe yaba igesi eyodwa evuthayo kanye negesi exubile evuthayo, enezici zokuvutha nokuqhuma. Inani lomkhawulo wokugxilisa ingqondo lengxube efanayo yegesi evuthayo negesi esekela ukuvutha ebangela ukuqhuma ngaphansi kwezimo zokuhlola ezijwayelekile. Igesi esekela ukuvutha ingaba umoya, umoya-mpilo noma amanye amagesi asekela ukuvutha.

Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ubhekisela emkhawulweni wokuhlushwa wegesi evuthayo noma umhwamuko osemoyeni. Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwegesi evuthayo engabangela ukuqhuma kubizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo ophansi wokuqhuma; ukugxila okuphezulu kakhulu kubizwa ngokuthi umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma uyahlukahluka ngezingxenye zengxube.

Amagesi avamile avuthayo neziqhumane ahlanganisa i-hydrogen, i-methane, i-ethane, i-propane, i-butane, i-phosphine namanye amagesi. Igesi ngayinye inezindawo ezihlukene kanye nemikhawulo yokuqhuma.

I-hydrogen

I-Hydrogen (H2)iyigesi engenambala, engenaphunga, engenambimbi. Iwuketshezi olungenambala olunomfutho ophezulu kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphansi futhi luncibilika kancane emanzini. Ivutha kakhulu futhi ingaqhuma ngamandla uma ixutshwe nomoya bese ihlangana nomlilo. Isibonelo, uma ixubene ne-chlorine, ingaqhuma ngokwemvelo ngaphansi kokukhanya kwelanga; uma ixubene ne-fluorine ebumnyameni, ingaqhuma; i-hydrogen kusilinda nayo ingaqhuma lapho ishiselwa. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma kwe-hydrogen ngu-4.0% ukuya ku-75.6% (ukugxila kwevolumu).

I-Methane

I-Methaneigesi engenambala, engenaphunga enephuzu elibilayo elingu -161.4°C. Ilula kunomoya futhi iyigesi evuthayo okunzima kakhulu ukuyincibilika emanzini. Kuyinhlanganisela elula yemvelo. Ingxube ye-methane nomoya ngesilinganiso esifanele izoqhuma lapho ihlangana nenhlansi. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ongaphezulu % (V/V): 15.4, umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi % (V/V): 5.0.

Ethane

I-Ethane ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika kancane ku-ethanol ne-acetone, incibilika ku-benzene, futhi ingenza izingxube eziqhumayo lapho ixutshwa nomoya. Kuyingozi ukushisa nokuqhuma lapho kuvezwe imithombo yokushisa namalangabi avulekile. Izokhiqiza ukusabela kwamakhemikhali anobudlova uma ithintana ne-fluorine, i-chlorine, njll. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu % (V/V): 16.0, umkhawulo wokuqhuma ophansi % (V/V): 3.0.

I-Propane

I-Propane (C3H8), igesi engenambala, ingenza izingxube eziqhumayo lapho ixutshwa nomoya. Kuyingozi ukushisa nokuqhuma lapho kuvezwe imithombo yokushisa namalangabi avulekile. Isabela ngobudlova lapho ihlangene nama-oxidants. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma okuphezulu % (V/V): 9.5, umkhawulo ophansi wokuqhuma % (V/V): 2.1;

N.butane

I-n-Butane iyigesi evuthayo engenambala, engancibiliki emanzini, encibilika kalula ku-ethanol, ether, chloroform namanye ama-hydrocarbon. Yakha ingxube eqhumayo nomoya, futhi umkhawulo wokuqhuma ngu-19% ~ 84% (kusihlwa).

I-Ethylene

I-Ethylene (C2H4) igesi engenambala enephunga elimnandi elikhethekile. Iyancibilika ku-ethanol, ether nasemanzini. Kulula ukuyishisa futhi iqhume. Lapho okuqukethwe emoyeni kufinyelela ku-3%, kungaqhuma futhi kushise. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ngu-3.0~34.0%.

I-acetylene

I-Acetylene (C2H2)igesi engenambala enephunga le-ether. Incibilika kancane emanzini, inyibilika ku-ethanol, futhi inyibilika kalula ku-acetone. Kulula kakhulu ukushisa nokuqhuma, ikakhulukazi uma kuthintana nama-phosphide noma ama-sulfide. Umkhawulo wokuqhuma ngu-2.5~80%.

Ipropylene

I-Propylene igesi engenambala enephunga elimnandi esimweni esivamile. Incibilika kalula emanzini kanye ne-acetic acid. Kulula ukuqhuma nokushiswa, futhi umkhawulo wokuqhuma ngu-2.0~11.0%.

I-Cyclopropane

I-Cyclopropane iyigesi engenambala nephunga le-petroleum ether. Iyancibilika kancane emanzini futhi incibilika kalula ku-ethanol ne-ether. Kulula ukushisa nokuqhuma, ngomkhawulo wokuqhuma ongu-2.4~10.3%.

1,3 Butadiene

1,3 I-Butadiene igesi engenambala nengenaphunga, ayincibiliki emanzini, incibilika kalula ku-ethanol ne-ether, futhi inyibilika kusixazululo se-cuprous chloride. Ayizinzile ngokwedlulele ekamelweni lokushisa futhi ibola kalula futhi iqhume, ngomkhawulo wokuqhuma ongu-2.16~11.17%.

I-methyl chloride

I-Methyl chloride (CH3Cl) iyigesi engenambala, encibilika kalula. Inambitheka kamnandi futhi inephunga elifana ne-ether. Incibilika kalula emanzini, ethanol, ether, chloroform kanye neglacial acetic acid. Kulula ukuyishisa futhi iqhume, ngomkhawulo wokuqhuma ongu-8.1 ~ 17.2%