I-ammonia noma i-azane iyinhlanganisela ye-nitrogen ne-hydrogen enefomula ethi NH3

Isingeniso Somkhiqizo

I-ammonia noma i-azane iyinhlanganisela ye-nitrogen ne-hydrogen enefomula ethi NH3. I-pnictogen hydride elula kunazo zonke, i-ammonia iyigesi engenambala enephunga elinuka kamnandi. Iwudoti ovamile we-nitrogen, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini, futhi inegalelo elikhulu ezidingweni zomsoco wezinto eziphila emhlabeni ngokusebenza njengesandulela sokudla kanye nomanyolo. I-Amonia, ngokuqondile noma ngokungaqondile, iphinde ibe yisakhiwo sokuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo eminingi yemithi futhi isetshenziswa emikhiqizweni eminingi yokuhlanza ezentengiselwano.
Nakuba ivamile emvelweni futhi isetshenziswa kabanzi, i-ammonia iyingozi futhi iyingozi ngesimo sayo esigxilile.
I-Industrial ammonia ithengiswa njengotshwala be-ammonia (imvamisa u-28% we-ammonia emanzini) noma njenge-ammonia yoketshezi olungenamanzi ecindezelwe noma efakwe esiqandisini ethuthwa ngezimoto zamathangi noma amasilinda.

Ukucaciswa

Isicelo

Isihlanzi:
I-ammonia yasendlini iyisisombululo se-NH3 emanzini (okungukuthi, i-ammonium hydroxide) esetshenziswa njengesicoci senjongo evamile ezindaweni eziningi. Ngenxa yokuthi i-ammonia iphumela ekukhanyeni okungenamicu, okunye ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuvame kakhulu ukuhlanza ingilazi, i-porcelain nensimbi engagqwali. Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukuhlanza ohhavini nezinto zokucwiliswa ukuze kuthukululwe ukungcola okubhakiwe. I-ammonia yasekhaya ihluka ngokuhlushwa ngesisindo kusuka ku-5 kuya ku-10% i-ammonia.

Umanyolo wamakhemikhali:
I-ammonia ewuketshezi isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekukhiqizeni i-nitric acid, i-urea nezinye izivundisi zamakhemikhali.Emhlabeni wonke, cishe u-88% (kusukela ngo-2014) we-ammonia usetshenziswa njengomanyolo noma njengosawoti, izixazululo noma i-anhydrously. Uma ifakwa enhlabathini, isiza ekuhlinzekeni ngesivuno esengeziwe sezitshalo ezifana nommbila nokolweni.[catation] U-30% we-nitrogen yezolimo esetshenziswa e-USA usesimweni se-anhydrous ammonia futhi emhlabeni wonke kufakwa amathani ayizigidi eziyi-110 unyaka ngamunye.

Ama-Raw material:
Ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokusetshenziswa kwezemithi kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane.

Njengesibaseli:
Ubuningi bamandla aluhlaza e-ammonia ewuketshezi ngu-11.5 MJ/L, okusho ukuthi cishe ingxenye yesithathu kadizili. Nakuba ingasetshenziswa njengophethiloli, ngenxa yezizathu eziningi lokhu akukaze kwande noma kwande. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa ngokuqondile kwe-ammonia njengophethiloli ezinjinini ezivuthayo kukhona nethuba lokuguqula i-ammonia ibuyele ku-hydrogen lapho ingase isetshenziselwe ukunika amandla amaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen noma ingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile ngaphakathi kwamaseli okushisa aphezulu.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-rocket, i-missile propellant:
Embonini yezokuvikela, esetshenziswa ekwenzeni i-rocket, i-missile propellant.

Isiqandisi:
Isiqandisi–R717
Ingasetshenziswa njengesiqandisi.Ngenxa yezinto ze-ammonia zokuhwamuka, iyisiqandisi esiwusizo. Yayivame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuthandwa kwe-chlorofluorocarbons (Freons). I-Anhydrous ammonia isetshenziswa kakhulu ekufakweni kwesiqandisi sezimboni namarenki e-hockey ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwamandla ayo kanye nezindleko eziphansi.

Ukuqedwa kwe-Mercerized kwezindwangu:
I-ammonia ewuketshezi ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukuqedwa kwe-Mercerized yezindwangu.

Ukupakisha&Ukuthumela

Izinyathelo zosizo lokuqala

UKUHAMBA: Uma kwenzeka imiphumela emibi, susa uye endaweni engangcolisiwe. Nikeza ukuphefumula kokwenziwa uma
engaphefumuli. Uma ukuphefumula kunzima, umoya-mpilo kufanele unikezwe izisebenzi eziqeqeshiwe. Thola
ukunakwa ngokushesha.
UKUTHINTA NGESIKHUMBA: Geza isikhumba ngensipho namanzi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15 ngenkathi ukhipha
izingubo nezicathulo ezingcolile. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Hlanza kahle futhi wome
izingubo nezicathulo ezingcolile ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa kabusha. Bhubhisa izicathulo ezingcolile.
UKUXHUMANA NAMEHLO: Hlanza amehlo ngokushesha ngamanzi amaningi okungenani imizuzu eyi-15. Bese uthola
ukunakwa ngokushesha.
UKUGULA: UNGAKUVUMI. Ungalokothi wenze umuntu oqulekile ahlanze noma aphuze uketshezi.
Nikeza amanani amakhulu amanzi noma ubisi. Uma kwenzeka ukuhlanza, gcina ikhanda liphansi kunezinqulu ukuze usize ukuvimbela
ukulangazelela. Uma umuntu equlekile, jikisa ikhanda uye ohlangothini. Thola usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha.
ISAZISO KUDOCELA: Ukuze uhogele, cabanga nge-oxygen. Ukuze udle, cabangela ikhophi yomphimbo.
Gwema ukugeza i-astric.

Izindaba Ezihlobene

U-Azane Uhambela Engqungqutheleni Yonyaka Yesiqandisi Yemvelo ye-IIAR 2018 e-Colorado
Mar 15, 2018
Umkhiqizi we-ammonia oshibhile nesiqandisi oshibhile ophansi, i-Azane Inc, ulungiselela ukuzokhangisa ku-IIAR 2018 Natural Refrigeration Conference & Expo ngomhlaka-18-21 Mashi. Isingathwe e-Broadmoor Hotel and Resort e-Colorado Springs, le ngqungquthela izokhombisa amathrendi embonini ahamba phambili emhlabeni wonke. Njengoba kunabakhangisi abangaphezu kuka-150, lo mcimbi ungumbukiso omkhulu kunayo yonke yeziqandisi zemvelo nezingcweti ze-ammonia, uheha abantu abangaphezu kwenkulungwane.

I-Azane Inc izobe ikhombisa i-Azanefreezer yayo kanye nentsha kanye nesimo sayo sobuciko i-Azanechiller 2.0 eye yaphinda kabili ingxenye esebenza kahle yokulayisha eyandulele futhi yathuthukisa ubulula nokuvumelana nezimo kwe-ammonia eziningana zezicelo ezintsha.

U-Caleb Nelson, iPhini likaMongameli we-Business Development ye-Azane Inc uthe, “Siyajabula ukwabelana nemboni ngezinzuzo zemikhiqizo yethu emisha. I-Azanechiller 2.0 kanye ne-Azanefreezer zithola umfutho owengeziwe embonini ye-hvac, ekhiqiza ukudla, ekhiqiza iziphuzo kanye nasezimbonini zokugcina izinto ezibandayo, ikakhulukazi e-California, lapho izinketho zemvelo, ezisebenzayo nezinobungozi obuncane zidingeka kakhulu.”

"I-IIAR Natural Refrigeration Conference iheha ingxubevange yezithunywa futhi siyakujabulela ukukhuluma nosonkontileka, abaxhumanisi, abasebenzisi bokugcina, nabanye abangani embonini."

Edokodweni le-IIAR inkampani engumzali ka-Azane i-Star Refrigeration izomelwa nguDavid Blackhurst, uMqondisi weqembu lenkampani lezochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe, i-Star Technical Solutions, oke wasebenza ku-IIAR Board of Directors. UBlackhurst uthe, "Wonke umuntu obambe iqhaza kumaphrojekthi wokupholisa udinga ukuqonda udaba lwebhizinisi kuyo yonke ingxenye yomsebenzi - kuhlanganisa nokuthi yiziphi izinto zokusebenza abazithengayo nokuthi uyini umthelela ezindlekweni zobunikazi."

Ngemizamo yomhlaba wonke yokwehlisa ukusetshenziswa kweziqandisi ze-HFC, kunethuba lokuthi iziqandisi zemvelo ezifana ne-ammonia ne-CO2 zithathe indawo emaphakathi. Kube nenqubekelaphambili eyenziwe e-US njengoba ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuphephile, ukusetshenziswa kwesiqandisi isikhathi eside kuqhuba izinqumo zebhizinisi ezengeziwe. Manje sekubhekwa umbono ophelele, oqhubeka nokuletha inzalo ezinkethweni ze-ammonia ezinezindleko eziphansi njengalezo ezinikezwa i-Azane Inc.

UNelson wanezela, “Amasistimu ahlanganisiwe e-ammonia entengo ephansi ka-Azane alungele amaphrojekthi lapho iklayenti lifisa ukuzuza ekusebenzeni kahle kwe-ammonia kuyilapho ligwema inkimbinkimbi nezidingo zokulawula ezivame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinhlelo ezimaphakathi ze-ammonia noma ezinye izindlela zokwenziwa ezisekelwe efrijini.”

Ngaphezu kokukhangisa ngezixazululo zayo ze-ammonia ezinezindleko eziphansi, i-Azane izophinde ibe nomcimbi wokuphiwa kwewashi le-Apple endaweni yayo. Le nkampani icela izithunywa ukuthi zigcwalise inhlolovo emfushane yokuhlola ukuqwashisa okujwayelekile kokuqedwa kwe-R22, imikhawulo ekusetshenzisweni kwama-HFC kanye nobuchwepheshe be-ammonia obunezindleko eziphansi.

I-IIAR 2018 Natural Refrigeration Conference & Expo yenzeka ngoMashi 18-21 eColorado Springs, Colorado. Vakashela i-Azane edokodweni elingunombolo 120.

U-Azane ungumkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wonke osebenza ngezindleko eziphansi ze-ammonia refrigeration solutions. Uhlu lwezinhlelo ezipakishwayo zika-Azane zonke zisebenza kusetshenziswa i-ammonia - isiqandisi esivele ngokwemvelo esinamandla okuphela kwe-ozone kanye namandla angekho okufudumala kwembulunga yonke. U-Azane bayingxenye ye-Star Refrigeration Group futhi benza yemakethe yase-US e-Chambersburg, PA.

I-Azane Inc isanda kwethula i-Controlled Azane Inc (CAz) okuyimoto yabo entsha ephuma e-Tustin, e-California iletha i-Azanefreezer emakethe embonini yokugcina izinto ezibandayo ezweni lonke. I-CAz isanda kubuya engqungqutheleni ye-AFFI (American Frozen Food Institute) e-Las Vegas, e-Nevada lapho intshisekelo yezixazululo ezintsha zokupholisa ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zokusebenza nokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwengozi yayidlange kakhulu.