I-Helium-3 (He-3) inezakhiwo ezihlukile ezenza ibe yigugu emikhakheni eminingana, okuhlanganisa amandla enuzi kanye nokubala kwe-quantum. Nakuba i-He-3 ingavamile kakhulu futhi ukukhiqizwa kuyinselele, inesithembiso esikhulu ngekusasa lokubala kwe-quantum. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukukhiqizwa kwe-supply chain ye-He-3 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo njengesiqandisi kumakhompyutha e-quantum.

Ukukhiqizwa kweHelium 3

Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iHelium 3 ikhona ngamanani amancane kakhulu eMhlabeni. Iningi le-He-3 eplanethini yethu kucatshangwa ukuthi likhiqizwa yilanga nezinye izinkanyezi, futhi kukholakala ukuthi likhona ngamanani amancane enhlabathini yenyanga. Nakuba ukutholakala kwe-He-3 emhlabeni wonke kungaziwa, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ingamakhilogremu angamakhulu ambalwa ngonyaka.

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-He-3 kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi neyinselele ehilela ukuhlukanisa i-He-3 kwamanye ama-isotope e-helium. Indlela eyinhloko yokukhiqiza iwukunisela ama-deposit egesi yemvelo, ukukhiqiza i-He-3 njengomkhiqizo ongeziwe. Le ndlela inzima ngokobuchwepheshe, idinga imishini ekhethekile, futhi iyinqubo ebiza kakhulu. Izindleko zokukhiqiza i-He-3 zinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwayo kabanzi, futhi isalokhu iyimpahla engavamile neyigugu.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Helium-3 ku-Quantum Computing

I-Quantum computing iyinkambu ekhulayo enekhono elikhulu lokuguqula izimboni kusukela kwezezimali kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo kuya ekubhalweni kwemfihlo kanye nobuhlakani bokwenziwa. Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu ekuthuthukiseni amakhompyutha e-quantum isidingo se-refrigerant yokupholisa ama-quantum bits (qubits) afinyelele izinga lokushisa elifanele lokusebenza.

I-He-3 ibonakale iyisinqumo esihle kakhulu sokupholisa ama-qubit kumakhompyutha e-quantum. I-He-3 inezakhiwo eziningana ezenza ifaneleke kulolu hlelo lokusebenza, okuhlanganisa izinga layo eliphansi lokubila, ukuhanjiswa kokushisa okuphezulu, kanye nekhono lokuhlala limanzi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Amaqembu amaningana ocwaningo, okuhlanganisa neqembu lososayensi e-University of Innsbruck e-Austria, abonise ukusetshenziswa kwe-He-3 njengesiqandisi kumakhompyutha e-quantum. Ocwaningweni olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Nature Communications, ithimba likhombisile ukuthi i-He-3 ingasetshenziswa ukupholisa ama-qubits eprosesa ye-quantum eqhuba i-superconducting ibe yizinga lokushisa lokusebenza elifanele, okubonisa ukusebenza kwayo njenge-quantum computing refrigerant.

Izinzuzo ze-Helium-3 ku-Quantum Computing

Kunezinzuzo eziningana zokusebenzisa i-He-3 njengesiqandisi kukhompyutha ye-quantum. Okokuqala, inikeza indawo ezinzile kakhulu yama-qubit, kunciphisa ingozi yamaphutha futhi kuthuthukise ukuthembeka kwamakhompyutha e-quantum. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni we-quantum computing, lapho ngisho namaphutha amancane angaba nomthelela omkhulu emphumeleni.

Okwesibili, i-He-3 inezinga lokubila eliphansi kunezinye iziqandisi, okusho ukuthi ama-qubit angapholiswa emazingeni okushisa apholile futhi asebenze kahle kakhulu. Lokhu kusebenza kahle okwandisiwe kungaholela ekubalweni okusheshayo nokunembile, okwenza i-He-3 ibe yingxenye ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwamakhompyutha e-quantum.

Okokugcina, i-He-3 iyisiqandisi esingenabo ubuthi, esingashisi, esiphephile futhi esinobungani nemvelo kunezinye iziqandisi ezifana ne-helium ewuketshezi. Ezweni lapho ukukhathazeka ngemvelo kuba kubaluleke kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-He-3 ekubaleni kwe-quantum kunikeza enye indlela eluhlaza esiza ekunciphiseni ukukhushulwa kwekhabhoni kobuchwepheshe.

Izinselele kanye Nekusasa Le-Helium-3 Ku-Quantum Computing

Naphezu kwezinzuzo ezisobala ze-He-3 ekubalweni kwe-quantum, ukukhiqizwa nokuhlinzekwa kwe-He-3 kusalokhu kuyinselele enkulu, kunezingqinamba eziningi zobuchwepheshe, zezokuthutha kanye nezezezimali okumelwe zinqotshwe. Ukukhiqizwa kwe-He-3 kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi ebiza kakhulu, futhi kukhona ukuhlinzekwa okulinganiselwe kwe-isotope etholakalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthutha i-He-3 kusuka endaweni yayo yokukhiqiza iye endaweni yayo yokugcina kuwumsebenzi oyinselele, okwenza kube nzima nakakhulu uchungechunge lwayo lokuhlinzekwa.

Naphezu kwalezi zinselele, izinzuzo ezingaba khona ze-He-3 ekubalweni kwe-quantum zenza kube utshalomali olufanele, futhi abacwaningi nezinkampani bayaqhubeka nokuhlola izindlela zokwenza ukukhiqizwa kwayo nokusebenzisa kube ngokoqobo. Ukuqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kwe-He-3 kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo ekubalweni kwe-quantum kunesithembiso sekusasa lale nsimu ekhula ngokushesha.