I-Hydrogen (H2)

Imingcele yezobuchwepheshe

IHydrojeni inefomula yamakhemikhali engu-H2 kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana esingu-2.01588. Ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elivamile nokucindezela, iyigesi evutha ngokwedlulele, engenambala, esobala, engenaphunga futhi enganambitheki okunzima ukuyincibilika emanzini, futhi ayisabelani nezinto eziningi. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephakeme nezimo zokushisa ezimaphakathi, i-hydrogen ihlangana nezinto eziningi ze-hydrocarbon ngendlela evusa amadlingozi. I-Hydrogen iyigesi emincane kakhulu eyaziwa emhlabeni. Ukuminyana kwe-hydrogen kungu-1/14 kuphela kunomoya, okungukuthi, ku-atmosfera engu-1 evamile kanye no-0°C, ukuminyana kwe-hydrogen ngu-0.089g/L. I-hydrogen yiyona nto eyinhloko yezimboni. Izimboni zikaphethiloli namakhemikhali zidinga inani elikhulu le-hydrogen. Phakathi kwazo, ukucutshungulwa kwamafutha ezinsalela kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-ammonia ngenqubo ye-Hubble yizinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kokusetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, i-hydrogen nayo inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-physics nobunjiniyela. Ingasetshenziswa njengegesi yokuvikela kwezinye izindlela zokushisela. I-Hydrogen iphinde ibe igesi yezimboni ebalulekile kanye negesi ekhethekile, futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo embonini ye-electronics, imboni ye-metallurgical, ukucubungula ukudla, ingilazi entantayo, i-organic synthesis, i-aerospace, njll. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-hydrogen nayo iyinhlangano. amandla esibili afanelekile (amandla esibili asho amandla okumele akhiqizwe kumandla ayisisekelo njengamandla elanga, amalahle, njll.) kanye nophethiloli wegesi. Ivutha njengelangabi elisobala, okunzima ukulibona. Amanzi ukuphela kweMikhiqizo yokuvutha. I-Hydrogen ingasetshenziswa futhi njengempahla eluhlaza ye-synthetic ammonia, i-synthetic methanol, ne-synthetic hydrochloric acid, njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa i-metallurgy, futhi njenge-ejenti ye-hydrodesulfurization ekucwengeni kwe-petroleum. Ngenxa yokuthi i-hydrogen iyigesi ecindezelwe evuthayo, kufanele igcinwe endaweni epholile, nengena umoya. Izinga lokushisa endaweni yokugcina impahla akufanele lidlule ku-30°C. Gcina kude nomlilo nemithombo yokushisa. Gwema ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile. Kufanele igcinwe ngokuhlukana nomoya-mpilo, umoya ocindezelweyo, ama-halogens (i-fluorine, i-chlorine, i-bromine), ama-oxidants, njll. Gwema ukugcinwa okuxubile nokuhamba. Ukukhanyisa, ukungena komoya kanye nezinye izinsiza endaweni yokugcina impahla kufanele kuvikeleke ukuqhuma, kube namaswishi abekwe ngaphandle kwendawo yokugcina impahla, futhi afakwe izinhlobo ezihambisanayo kanye nenani lemishini yokucisha umlilo. Vimbela ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziwumshini namathuluzi ajwayele ukuba nezinhlansi

Isicelo:

① Ukusetshenziswa kwemboni:

Enqubweni yokukhiqiza ingilazi ephezulu yokushisa kanye nasekukhiqizeni ama-microchips kagesi.

②Ukusetshenziswa kwezokwelashwa:

Ukunikezwa kokwelapha izinhlobo zezifo, njengesimila, unhlangothi.

③Ukwenziwa kwe-semiconductor:

Igesi yenkampani yenethiwekhi, ikakhulukazi ye-silicon deposition gas chromatography.

Iphakheji evamile:

Inzuzo:

① Ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi emakethe;

②ISO umenzi wesitifiketi;

③Ukulethwa okusheshayo;

④Umthombo wezinto ezingavuthiwe ozinzile;

⑤Isistimu yokuhlaziya eku-inthanethi yokulawula ikhwalithi kuso sonke isinyathelo;

⑥Isidingo esiphezulu kanye nenqubo yokucophelela yokuphatha isilinda ngaphambi kokugcwalisa;