I-Ethylene Oxide (ETO)

Amapharamitha obuchwepheshe

I-ethylene oxide ingenye yama-ether alula kakhulu ajikelezayo. Iyinhlanganisela ye-heterocyclic. Ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali yi-C2H4O. Ingumdlavuza onobuthi futhi ingumkhiqizo obalulekile we-petrochemical. Izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ze-ethylene oxide zisebenza kakhulu. Ingabhekana nokusabela kokuvula indandatho ngama-compound amaningi futhi inganciphisa i-silver nitrate. Kulula ukuyi-polymerize ngemva kokushiswa futhi ingabola lapho kukhona usawoti wensimbi noma i-oxygen. I-ethylene oxide iwuketshezi olungenambala nolubonakalayo ekushiseni okuphansi, kanye negesi engenambala enephunga elimnandi le-ether ekushiseni okujwayelekile. Umfutho womoya wegesi uphezulu, ufinyelela ku-141kPa ku-30°C. Lo mfutho womoya ophezulu unquma i-epoxy. Amandla aqinile okungena ngesikhathi sokufutha nokubulala amagciwane nge-ethane. I-ethylene oxide inomphumela wokubulala amagciwane, ayibolisi izinsimbi, ayinaphunga elisele, futhi ingabulala amagciwane (kanye nama-endospores ayo), isikhunta kanye nefungi, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ukubulala amagciwane kwezinye izinto nezinto ezingakwazi ukumelana nokubulala amagciwane ekushiseni okuphezulu. I-Ethylene oxide iyisibulali-magciwane samakhemikhali sesizukulwane sesibili ngemuva kwe-formaldehyde. Iseseyinye yezibulali-magciwane ezibandayo ezinhle kakhulu. Futhi iyizindlela ezine ezinkulu zokubulala izinambuzane ezisezingeni eliphansi lokushisa (i-plasma esezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, umusi we-formaldehyde osezingeni eliphansi lokushisa, i-ethylene oxide). , I-Glutaraldehyde) ilungu elibaluleke kakhulu. I-Ethylene oxide isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni ezinye izinyibilikisi ezahlukene (njenge-cellosolve, njll.), izincibilikisi, ama-surfactant angewona ama-ionic, izihlanzi zokwenziwa, i-antifreeze, izibulali-magciwane, ama-tougheners nama-plasticizer, njll. . Ngenxa yokuthi i-ethylene oxide iyasha futhi inobubanzi obukhulu bokuhlushwa emoyeni, ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa njengengxenye kaphethiloli yamabhomu aqhumayo e-fuel gasification. Imikhiqizo yokushisa eyingozi yi-carbon monoxide kanye ne-carbon dioxide. Iningi le-ethylene oxide lisetshenziselwa ukwenza amanye amakhemikhali, ikakhulukazi i-ethylene glycol. I-Ethylene oxide iyasha futhi iyaqhuma, futhi akulula ukuyithutha ibanga elide, ngakho-ke inezici eziqinile zesifunda.

Isicelo:

①Ukubulala amagciwane:

I-ethylene oxide inomphumela wokubulala amagciwane, ayibolisi izinsimbi, ayinaphunga elisele, futhi ingabulala amagciwane (kanye nama-endospores ayo), isikhunta kanye nesikhunta, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa ukubulala amagciwane kwezinye izinto nezinto ezingakwazi ukumelana nokubulala amagciwane okushisa okuphezulu.

② izinto eziyisisekelo zokusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali:

I-ethylene oxide isetshenziswa kakhulu ekwenzeni i-ethylene glycol (izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-polyester fiber), izihlanzi zokwenziwa, ama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic, ama-antifreeze, ama-emulsifiers, kanye nemikhiqizo ye-ethylene glycol. Iphinde isetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni ama-plasticizers, ama-lubricants, irabha kanye namapulasitiki, njll.

Iphakheji evamile: